基础句型

advantage, 用来论证某事物好的方面

benefit from(从…中获益)

e.g. Others, however, believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools.

invest in(对…投资)

e.g. In many countries, employees are encouraged to invest in private pension plans.

promote / facilitate the development of…(促进…的发展)

e.g. Even though the city has invested millions of pounds in museums and art galleries, it has done little to promote the development of education and medical care.

boost efficiency / productivity(提高效率/生产率)

e.g. The main question about high-tech education is whether it actually boosts the efficiency and the effectiveness of learning.

have access to…(能获取或者使用某种资源)

e.g. The process of learning in the classroom becomes significantly richer if students have access to a wide variety of information and support.

enrich one’s social / academic / professional experience(丰富…的社会的/学术的/职业的经历)

e.g. Working for a period before going to university can greatly enrich students’ social experience and make them more capable in university.

keep society safe and stable(保持社会稳定)

e.g. Such rules and regulations must be followed by individuals and organisations to keep society safe and stable.

have a duty / obligation to do…(有责任去做某事)

e.g. In most European countries, parents have a legal obligation to ensure that their children receive proper education.

relax their bodies and minds(让人们放松身心)

e.g. Children not only need opportunities to acquire knowledge, they need time to relax their bodies and minds.

be based on…(基于…)

e.g. Discipline should be based on a positive, loving parent – child relationship instead of on force and punishment.

generate employment opportunities(创造就业机会)

e.g. International tourism can generate employment opportunities. On the other hand, it may damage the cultural heritage of a nation.

be less time-consuming and more economical(既省钱又省时间的)

e.g. Contrary to the popular belief, advertising makes our shopping experience neither less time-consuming nor more economical.

relieve one’s academic / financial / psychological burden(减轻某人的学业/财务/心理负担)

e.g. Part-time jobs help students to relieve their parents’ financial burdens. Nevertheless, working on a part-time basis may create psychological burdens for the sstudents themselves.

fulfill someone’s potential(发挥人的潜力)

e.g. Employees may feel they cannot fulfill their professional potential when their work is not valued by their employers.

remove the barrier for(为了…消除障碍)

e.g. Machine translation has removed the barrier for communication between people who do not share the same language.

facilitate / promote cross-cultural communication and interaction(促进不同文化之间的交流与相互影响)

e.g. A universal language effectively promotes cross-cultural communication and interaction.

tend to be better prepared for…(往往对…有着更好的准备)

e.g. Children in full-day kindergarten tend to be better prepared for primary-grade learning than those in half-day programs.

raise ( or heighten) people’s awareness of(提高人们的某种意识)

e.g. The media can raise the public awareness of the alarming increase in youth crime.

has the inherent advantage of(在某方面的内在优势)

e.g. Teaching students in groups has the inherent advantage of enabling schools to use their equipment and facilities more efficiently.

disadvantage 论证某事物不好的方面

live in poverty / misery / frustration / anxiety(生活在贫穷/困苦/沮丧/焦虑等中)

e.g. Living in misery, the citizens in these improverished countries claim that industrial nations have the obligation to supply financial aid, which can lift them out of poverty.

put pressure on(对某人、某个体系或者某种资源形成压力)

e.g. The rapid development process is putting pressure on natural resources such as forests, wildlife and fossil fuels.

the competition is increasingly stiff / fierce (竞争越来越激烈)

e.g. The economic competition between countries is increasingly stiff, which has made the goverments more protective of their domestic market.

be treated unfairly(受到不公平的待遇)

e.g. Some consumers may feel that they are treated unfairly by the company.

widen / expend / enlarge the gap between A and B(加大A与B之间的差距)

e.g. At present, the technology available to individuals is actually widening the gap between the wealthy and the needy rather than narrowing it.

lack experience / social skills / motivation / confidence / a sense of community(缺乏经验/社会技能/动力/信心/社区感)

e.g. Some employees lack the social skills needed to cooperate efficiently.

pose a threat to…(对…构成威胁)

e.g. The weapons that a country possesses do not just pose a threat to other countries. They pose a very real threat to their owner as well.

stifle creativity / imagination(扼杀创造力/想象力)

e.g. The traditional approach to education in some Asian countries seriously stifles students’ creativity and imagination.

find…unmotivating or even frustrating(发现某事物无法给人动力甚至沮丧)

e.g. Young students tend to find traditional schooling unmotivating or even frustrating.

diminish …’s leisure time(减少某人的休闲时间)

e.g. The accelerating pace of life seriously diminishes people’s leisure time and may even cause mental illnesses.

There is a close link between A and B(A和B之间有密切关系)

e.g. There is a close link between the rising rate of obesity（肥胖症） and the increasing cinsumption(消费) of fast food.

is a poor substitute for(某事物是难以取代另一事物的)

e.g. Looking at pictures on the Internet is a poor substitute for real travel.

cause tension and conflicts between … and …(在…和…之间产生紧张和冲突)

e.g. Cultural differences between the tourists and the local residents may cause tension and conflicts between them.

be overly dependent on(对某事过度依赖)

e.g. Technology has made individuals overly dependent on it, which has led to more sedentary lifestyle and less face-to-face communication.

…involve considerable risks / high costs(…涉及到明显的风险/涉及到很高资金投入)

e.g. Space exploration involves high costs and considerable risks.

are in increasingly short supply(某种资源变得日益短缺)

e.g. Fresh water is in increasingly short supply in many regions of the world including Europe.

is incompatible with(与…不协调)

e.g. The design of modern buildings often turns out to be markedly incompatible with historical surroundings in terms of the materials, form and colours.